Inventing the technology of printing with moveable type.
How did the printing press work?
Hand press in which ink was rolled over the raised surface of movable hand-set black letter held within a wooden form.
What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?
Spending time with his father at the mint, watching goldsmiths and jewelers. This and his love of reading motivated him.
Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
Woodcuts weren't durable, splint in the press after repeated use, block was discarded as soon as a slightly different impression was needed. Metal could be produced more quickly and just needed one.
Post an example of movable type in a type case.
What is moveable type?
System of printing that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual letters and punctuation).
What is a matrix?
Mold in which something, such as printing type or a phonograph record, is cast or shaped.
What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?
Oil-based ink that was oily, varnish-like and made of soot, turpentine, and walnut oil
What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?
A substrate made from wood pulp that originated in China.
What is a "substrate"?
A substance or layer that underlies something, or on which some process occurs, in particular.
Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened? John Fust, a wealthy businessman, to invest. Fust sued Gutenberg who gave the press, tools, materials, and 180 Bibles to Fust.
What was the first book he printed?
A two-volume Bible
How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?
It perfected script and made it easier to read, books made more rapidly, current information could be shared locally and around the world, cost of books decreased allowing more people to buy them, demand grew and the population became more literate, people wanted books written in their own language and a greater variety of books, book trade began to flourish, as well as industries in paper making, economies became stronger, and art and science began to flourish which led to the beginning of the Renaissance.
Who introduced the printing press to England?
William Caxton
What was the early form of newspapers?
Trade newsletters
When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?
1704; The Boston Letter
What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
A press completely made from cast iron
Post an example of a 1930s printing press.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?
Printing process when ink transfers onto paper
Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
Relief printing which is the oldest method of printing. Movable type is placed into the press. Ink is spread onto the type. Paper is placed on top. The press applies the direct pressure needed to transfer the ink to the paper.
Post an example of an intaglio press.
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
Image area is etched into the plate surface to hold the ink. Ink is applied, then rubbed with a cloth to remove the excess. Damp paper is placed on top. A press applies pressure to transfer the ink to the paper.
Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?
Screen printing is an example . Accounts for a comparatively small volume of the printing industry. Heavy lay down of ink so strong colors can be obtained making it suitable for posters, signs, and shirts.
Post an example of a lithography printing press.
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
Printing from a flat surface. Based on the concept that oil and water do not readily mix. Drawing, or artwork, is made on the plate with greasy ink or crayon. Water is applied. When ink is spread on top, the greasy parts accept the ink; the wet parts do not.
Post an example of a offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?
Offset lithography
How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?
Nowadays, they are much faster and much more efficient.
Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?
CMYK stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and kohl (black). A combination of these colors are utilized.
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